SAPHO LEH MIZOTE

 

(BHSS tl^ng a\anga thlir letna)

Baptist HSS Serkawn tl^ng a\ang hian ka han thlir let a, kan Zoram ngei maia Sapho sulhnu hnutchhiah, a \ha leh \ha lo pawh tam tak a lang a, a lang zawng zawng erawh ka ziak lang vek s>ng lo. Kum 1900 hma lam phei kha chu thing leh raw innawh lai tak tak a ni a, hmun tinah buaina chhum a zing a ni ber e. Tlang hrang hrangah mahnia ro inrelin, mahni tawka thuneihna punhlum nei chung leh, na taka mahni ram humhalhin pi leh pute an lo khawsa tawh \hin a, ram dang hnam dang an ngai bik lo hle. Chutih laiin Kumpinu sawrkar chuan ram l^k chin tawk a nei lo ve thung a, ramah a tuihal em maw tih turin ram a awp hnem hle a ni. Chuvangin, hnam changkang tak Kumpinu sawrkar khan kan pi leh pute sadai a rawn \hiat tel ve tlat mai. An ram chhuahna leh an ram luah chin an rawn n>k an rawn n>k takah chuan, ‘thih leh ruam khatah, dam leh tl^ng khatah’ ti \hin Mizo pasal\hate thin a so ta a, Kumpinu ram awp chinah hriam an lek zui ve ta a ni. Hetianga an inchemh^r takah chuan sawrkar chak tak British chuan kan zotl^ng ram nuam, kan chhuan em em pawh an rawn luah ta a. Thil tam tak inthl^k danglam chhovin sakhuana thlengin kan hnam nun a sawi danglam zo ta a. A chhe zawnga nghawng tam tak a awm rualin a \ha zawnga thil inthl^k tam tak a awm bawk a, chu’ng erawh kan thlur hman lo thung ang. Sapho nena ka inhriat \anna a\anga Baptist HSS Serkawn din chhoh dan thlenga rawn tar lan ka duh avangin a chipchiarin kan ziak dawn lo tih a lang reng mai a, kan sanghar ^r rawh dawn a ni ber e.

Hnam kawlhsen leh thunun hara British-hovin an ngaih, tlang ram cheng Mizote leh Zo hnahthl^kten British-ho awp chin rama hnuhma an zu neih dan hi chhinchhiah fel a awm tam lo hle a, kum 1800 hma lam phei chu hmuh tur a awm lo hial a ni. Hmanlaia kan pi leh pute khan phaitual zu run hi an lo ching ve fe tawh mai a, mi lu tam tak hawnin sal leh rall^k sum an hawn tam \hin hle niin a hriat. Chutianga thil hlu hawna leh salte an man \hin avang leh an chenna ram an humhalh avang te chuan phai ram hi an run \hin ni berin a lang. Chhinchhiahna hmuh theih chinah kum 1824 – 1854 inkar khan vawi 19 lai phai an zu run a, mi 107 lai thatin, mi 15 an hliam a, sal atan mi 186 an man bawk. 1854 hnu lamah pawh hian hmun hrang hrangah Vai an run hi hmuh tur a awm a, a hnuhnung ber chu kum 1892, April ni 4-a Hailakandi-a Boruncherra thingpui huan Lalburha’n a run kha a ni. Hemi \um hian mi 45 thatin sal 13 an kai bawk. Mizoten Vai an runa an thah zat leh sal an man zat tak hi chiang taka hriat theih a ni lo va, mi an thah \euh thu leh in tam tak an hal thu te hi sawi a ni liam mai mai bawk a. Hriat theih chinah chuan khaw 43 an hal a, mihring 705 thatin salah mi 1034 an man. Sawi tawh angin \awngkaa inhlan chhawn a nih \hin avang leh ral lu an lak zat chiah sawi harsat chang a awm avangin a z^t chiah hi a chian theih loh a, tar lan ai hian a la tam ngei ang.

 

Sap lo lan \anna:
Sap mi pawimawh (English official) zinga Mizoram (Lushai hills)chinchang rawn thlira ramri rawn tlawh hmasa ber nia lang chu 1800 kum kha a ni. Hemi kum hian Bengal Chief Engineer Mr Rennel leh a hoten Mizoram chhim tawp ramri (South Lushai Hills) rawn chuanin, ram chin rawn chian paha zir chiang (survey) turin an rawn kal a ni. Mizoram chhung erawh an rawn inpal lut chiah lo.

Phai run \anna:
Mizoten British India ram chin an zu run chhinchhiah hmasak ber nia lang chu September 1824 kha a ni. Hemi \um hian thing leh mau hmanga sumdawngten Tlawng (Dhaleswari) dung an rawn zawh chho a. Chungho chu Mizo pasal\haten lo lambunin mi tam tak an lo that a. Heta lo lambuntute hi tute nge an nih a, eng mi nge an thah a, mi engzat nge an thah erawh hriat a ni ta lo. Hei hi Mizoten Sapho pawi khawiha phai an run chhinchhiahna hmasa ber nia ngaih theih a nih lain, 1826 kuma thil thleng nena ngaihfin pawh a ni thei tho.

Phai run nawnna:
Sawi tawh angin ‘Phai run \anna’ tihah hian a runtute leh an thahte chanchin ziak a awm zui lo va, run a nih thu chauh hi ziaka hmuh chu a ni. Tuna ‘Phai run nawnna’ tia ka han dah pawh hi a vawi hnihna tiin ka dah ngam chiah lo va, phai run chanchin chipchiar thawkhata chhinchhiah kan hmuh hmasak chu a ni awm e. Hei hi September 1826 kuma thleng a ni. Hetah pawh hian ziaktu hrang hrangin a runtu hming an ziah dan hi a inang chuang lo va. Ziaktu \henkhat chuan ‘Mizo lal pakhat Buangtheuva’ (Saphovin Bungteya tiin an ziak tlangpui) an ti a. Heta Buangtheuva an tih hi Mizo history lama kan hriat lar zawk, kum 1890 vela Hmunpui lal Buangtheuva, Vanhnuailiana fapa kha chu a ni thei lo thung. Ziak dangah chuan Kuki lal Buntye (Bawtaia, Palian lal Lalsuthlaha pami) tiin an ziak bawk a.

Sapho hian Mizo hming hi a ri an hriat dan angin an lam mai a, an hming dik tak hriat a tihar duh viau. A pawm tl^k ber nia ka ngaih tak chu  Palian lal Sibuta (thenkhat chuan Palian ni lovin Rivung an ti a, a \henin |hangur an ti bawk) fapa Vantawia (Bontaia) hi a ni. Palian lal, Lalsuthlaha pa Lalrihua leh Vantawia hi unau niin Sibuta tute an ni. Sibuta hi 1894 vel khan Tripura ramah hian thlang a tla ta niin a lang a, Mizo hnahthl^k chhungkua 25000 zet lal niin Tripura lal, Raja Kishore Manikya lakah zalenna (Independence) a puang ve hmiah nghe nghe.

Mizo lal Vantawia hote hian Simla lui dung, Tlawng lui (Dhaleswari) thlang lam mel sawm vela hlaa Syhlet`thing kittuho chu zu run thutin mi tam tak an that a, sal \hahnem tak an hawn bawk.

He thil thlen hnu ni thumnaah chuan Vantawia khuaah hian Syhlet Magistrate-in palai a han tir a, he inrunna thleng hi a chhan ber nia lang chu Pratapgarh ram hotu (Zamindar) in tl^ng mite hnena thil an pek \hin a hren vang a nih thu an han hre ta a. Chung palai pathum zinga pahnihte chu Vantawia chuan a lo hr>ng a, thing kittu lu an tan pahnih an hmuhtir hnuah palai pakhat chu tlanna sum nena lo kir leh turin an tir haw ta a. Tlanna sum pek chu Sapho chuan an hreh viau nain eng an ti hlei thei bawk si lo. Hreh tak chungin an palai pahnih tlanna sum chu an pe ta nge nge a ni.

Mizoten Sapho kut an tuar \anna:

a)      A vawi khatna (Blackwood’s Expedition): Kum 1844, April ni 6 zan khan Palian lal, Lalsuthlaha’n Manipur-a khaw pakhat Kochabari a run a, mi 22 thatin mi 6 salah a man a. Hemi chhan let nan leh Mizote chunga Saphovin kut an thl^kna hmasa ber atan  Blackwood Expedition 1944 chu a lo thleng ta a ni. Kum 1944, December ni 1 khan Captain George Blackwood kaihhruaina hnuaiah Syhlet Light Infantry tirh a ni a, Lalsuthlaha khua chu an k^p lo nain a inpek chuan ngaihdam a nih tur thu an tiam a. Mahse, Lalsuthlaha a inpek hnu chuan ngaihdam chu sawi loh, dam chhung tang tura thawn bo a ni ta zawk a. Heta \ang hian Mizo lalte chuan Sapho an rinna hlohin, inpe tura an thlem pawhin harsatna an tawh zui phah ta hle a ni.

 

b)     A vawi hnihna (Hopkinson’s Expedition): Mizoram chhim tawp lama cheng Lakher/Mara (Saphovin Shendus an ti) te chuan Tripura tl^ng ram run an chin avanga hrem turin Arakan a\angin kum 1847 kum tawp thlasik laiin sipai tlemte hruaiin Capt Hopkinson leh Lt. Sanders te chu Chhimtuipui (Kaladan) zawhin Mara (Shendus) ramah an rawn pan a. He rammutna (expedition) erawh hi chu an tluang lo hle. Chinchang an hriat tawk loh vang leh an inbuatsaihna a \hat tawk loh vang ni berin a lang. Tui leh ei tur an tlachham a, rampalailengah sehfa hrang hrang tuarin damlohna nen an che a fuh lo hle a ni. Mara-ho chuan Sapho lo puitu nia an rinhlelh khua apiang an lo hrem ve bawk a. Eng tin tin emaw Serkawr dai leh Tuipang rawn thleng hramin, ram chin chhinchhiahna (survey beacon) an rawn hnutchhiah a. Hemi chin bak erawh an sawn thei chuang lo va, Lakher/Mara pasal\haten rawn beiin hlawhchhamin Paletwa lamah an kir leh ta thuai a ni.

 

c)      A vawi thumna (Lister’s Expedition): Kum 1849-ah Lallianvunga fapa, Sentlang lal Ngura chuan Roopacherra leh Thado khaw thum lai runin mi tam tak a that a, salah a hruai \euh bawk a. Thado-ho a run hian Thawmpawnga’n a pui nghe nghe. British-ho beng a lo thleng chuan Col Frederick Lister, Khasi rama Political Agent leh Syhlet Light Infantry Commandant ni bawk chu Ngura hrem tur chuan tirh a ni ta a. SLI sipai 100 leh Armed Police 150 hruaiin kum 1850 January ni 4-ah Silchar chhuahsanin Sentlang khaw bul chu January ni 14-ah an thleng ta a. Sentlang khua hi halin sal t^ng 429 zet an chhuah zalen nghe nghe a ni. Hemi hnu hian Cachar - Syhlet ramri hrul hi a ralmuang chho ta niin a lang. Amaherawhchu, Silchar-a khawtual mi officer-te chuan Lister’s Expedition hi hlawhtling angin lang mah se, Lusei-ho an chhaih kawlh ting mai niin an hria a, an phuba lakna kawng an sialsak ni maiah an ngai.

 

Britist Policy of Appeasement:

Col Lister leh a hoten Sentlang khua an h^l khan an thawm thang a n^in an che rawngr^ viau a ni. Hemi hnu lamah erawh British lam pawhin ngaih dan thl^kin, tharum thawha a hriam lek zawnga chet chu a \ha lova hriain, \ha zaia Mizo lalte dawr a, \hatnaa hneh tumna (Policy of Appeasement) kawng zawh an tum ta a. October 1850 khan Mizo lal panga-ten Silchar District Superintendent hmu turin palai an zu tir ta hial a. Heta palai thl^ktu Mizo lalte hi – Suakpuilala, Vanhnuailiana, Lalng<ra, Lalphunga leh Vuttaia –te an ni. Anni hian an lal \heuhte chu Sapho nen inbe tura hmin an tum thu an sawi bawk a. Mizo lal aiawhten an thu ken ber hi chhiah an chawina \hin Pawiho laka venhim an dil a ni. British lam chuan phai run tawh lo tur leh British khua leh tui laka hriam lek tawh lo turin an ti ve thung bawk a. Mizo lalten phai an run hian sal \hahnem tak an man \hin a, chung salte chu Pawiho hnenah silai nen an inthlengpui \hin a ni. A tlangpuiin sal pakhat hi silai pahnihin an thleng \hin.

 

Hemi kum vek December 1850 hian Suakpuilala chu amah zuitu tlemt> nen Silchar Superintendent be tur hian a kal leh a, lal dang erawhin an zui lo. Lalsuthlaha anga Sapho buma awmin an man ve ang tih an hlau a ni ber. |ha takin an indawrna chu kal mah se, Pawiho dosak erawh an remti thei ta lo a ni.

 

He Appeasement Policy-ah hian a hnarkaitu ber atan Col Stewart, Cachar Deputy Commissioner chu an hmang a, ani hian Mizo lalho rilru hneh tumin theihtawp a chhuah a. Mautamin a nghawng, ei leh bara an harsatna chu remchanga hmangin Col Stewart chuan Suakpuilala chu buhfai peka inremna siampui turin a thlem a. Kum 1864 chuan Suakpuilala leh Vanhnuailiana aiawhte nen inremna siamin British ram chhung run tawh lo tura an intiam mai bakah lal dangte tha thawh tur pawh lo dang turin an intiam a. Hetianga an tih theih chuan British sorkar chuan lawmmanah kum tin Rs 600/- ve ve pek a tiam bawk a.

 

Policy of Appeasement a hlawhchham:

British-hovin \hatna hmanga Mizo lalte hneh an tumna chuan awmzia a nei thui lo hle mai a. A chhan ber nia lang chu Saphovin thingpui huan siam nan Mizoram lam rawn nekin, rampui an rawn \hiah zel vang a ni ber mai. Ramchhuah sa pelh nuam ti leh an ei bar l^kna ber ram an chan zel tur chu duh lovin, mahni ram humhim nan Mizo lalte hian hriam an lek lo thei lo a ni ber a. Chumi bakah chuan, an ram venhim nan silai an mamawh a. Silai chu an sal mante nen an inthleng \hin avangin, an ram rawn nektute, Saphovin hnathawka an chhawr khuate leh Mizoram chhehvel khuate chu an run ta \hin a ni. Intibuai lova mahni hmunah ve ve awm thei chu ni se he policy hi hlawhtlin pawh a hlawhtling zui mahna. Appeasement Policy a hhawhchhamzia lanna hrang hrangte:

 

a)      Kum 1860 January thlaah Thangluah lal Rothangpuia, chhim lam lal ropui tak, Lungsen leh Sirte tlangdung awptu chuan Tripura (Hill Tiperrah) runin Chagulney phaia khaw 15 zet mai chu an hal ta dur dur mai a. Hemi \um hian Rothangpuia hote hi an che na tak zet a ni. Chhinchhiah theih chinah mi 186 lai thatin mi 100 aia tam salah an kawi chho nguah nguah mai bawk a. Ro leh thil hlu tam tak nen hlawhtling takin an zu che a ni. Hei zet hi chu a rapthlak bawk a ni ang, Mackenzie chuan ‘The Great Kuki Invasion of 1960’ tiin a ziak hial a ni. British sorkar beng pawh a verh hle mai a, Rothangpuia hrem turin January 1861-ah Capt Raban leh a hote a tir ta hial a. Lungsen an hal hnuah indo buai lovin inremna an siam ta a, Rothangpuia pawh Sapho \hian \ha tak a ni zui ta bawk a. Rothangpuia ngenna angin Chittagong Deputy Commisioner chuan Frontier Police 40 rual, Rothangpuia khua veng him turin an rawn dah ta a, hei hi Mizorama Police Post hmasa ber a ni.

 

b)      Kum 1862 January thla khan Suakpuilala leh a hote chuan Syhlet chhim chhaka thngtlang khaw pathum an zu run leh a, hemi \um pawh hian an che naain mi tam tak an that a, khaw mipui zawng zawng deuhthaw chu salah an man a, khua an hal a, rallak sum tam tak an hawn bawk a. Sapho pawhin ‘Adampore Massacre’ an ti hial reng a ni.

 

c)      Mizoram chhim tawpa awm Lakher/Mara (Saphovin Shendus an tih) te hi r^lhr^t tak niin phaitual pawh an run zing viau a ni. Kum 1864 April thla khan Bengali thing la ho beiin mi 5 an that a, mi 9 an man bawk. Tin, Magh-ho runin mi tam tak an man a, Chittagong tlangram lam pawh \um hnih lai an run zui bawk a ni.

 

d)       Kum 1867-ah Bengkhuaia leh a unaupa Sangvunga-ten Bohmong lal ram, Magh khua an run

 

e)      Kum 1868 February-ah Vanhnuailiana leh Pawibawia ten Kala Naga police post an bei thut a, meipek silai leh ngunhnam lain, Subedar lu an la bawk

 

f)       Kum 1868 December-ah Suakpuilala leh Vanpuilala’n Adampore an run leh.

 

g)      Heng kan sawi bakah hian inrunna a la tam hle a, kan sawi vek seng lo ni mai teh se. Heng inrunna hrang hrangah hian a meizanghlaptu ber lalte chu – Vanpuilala, Pawibawia, Vanhnuailiana, Lalruma, Suakpulala, Do\hiauva, Tlutpawrha, Vansanga, Liankhama, ldt an ni. Hei hian Appeasement Policy a hlawhchhamzia a tilang a, Mizote chu vau zam mai mai theih an nih lohzia a tichiang hle bawk a ni. Tin, Mizo lalte hi mahni ram humhalha che chhuak an ni \hin a, ‘zahpahna nei lova kan ram rawn n>kin, kan ram vahna an rawn tichereu nasa a, kan ram kan humhalh a ni’ tih chu an phaitual run chhan ber a ni.

 

Capt Thomas Herbert Lewin (Thangliana):

T.H. Lewin, Mizoten Thangliana an tih mai hian Mizo history-ah pawimawhna lian tak a nei a. Mizote nena inrem taka awm duh mi leh Mizote ngainat zawng taka khawsa thiam a ni. Mizo nupui hial neiin Mizote hmasawnna tur kawng a kawhhmuh nasa. Kum 1972 khan Mizo lalte Kulkhut (Calcutta/Kolkata) a zu hruai hial a nih kha. Kum 1864, October ni 15-ah T.H. Lewin hian Chittagong thlengin Superintendent hna a thawk a. !961 kuma Capt Raban leh a hoten Rothangpuia khua an hal avanga Mizote laka \hat chhuahna kawng an zawng pawh a ni mahna, Chittagong Hill Tracts headquarters pawh Chandragona a\angin Rangamati-ah sawn a ni ta bawk a. Mizote \hiana siam hna chu Thangliana thawh tur atana an ruat lian ber a ni awm e. T.H Lewin hi British Officer zinga Mizote tlawh pawh hmasaa an chenna hmun thlenga dai dara an mizia hre chiang hmasa bertu a ni awm e.

 

A ram mite inthuamna ang deuhin mawlmang taka incheiin ke lawngin a leng kual vel \hin a. Violin tum thiam tak niin a violin ri chuan mi tam tak a hip a, amah a lo nelawm bawk nen, rei loteah Mizote leh khawtual mi tam takten an ngaina ta thuai mai reng a. Thangliana pawh hian hetia nelawm taka lan hi a hna atan a pawimawhzia a hria a; chuvangin, a chhehvela hnam hrang hrangte nen pawh inremna a siampui zung zung mai a ni.

 

Rothangpuia leh Thangliana:  

Zahmuaka \halb> a\anga chi chhuakte zingah Sailo tia inchhal zui tate hrohr^ng a na ber a, an unau – Zadeng, Rokhum, Thangluah, Rivung, Palian-hote an nek na hle mai a. Zadeng leh Thangluah tih loh chu an dip ral zo a ni ber e. Zadeng leh Thangluah zingah hian lal huaisen leh luhlul tak tak an awm ve avangin an tu tlawm zo lo a ni ber. Ch<ng Thangluah lal zingah chuan Lalpuihluta fapa, Rothangpuia hi a langsar ber a ni awm e. Pa te lam deuh sa \ha tak, mit meng ringawt pawha mi hneh theihna nei a ni. A lal ram hi Lungsen a\anga Saichal (Bangladesh) inkar zawng hi a ni mai a, Sirte tlang leh Tlabung pawh a huam a ni. Lal huaisen tak a nih avang leh a lal ram zauvin chhiah khua a ngah bawk a, Sailo, Mara leh Lai-hote pawhin an luh chhuak thei lo a ni. Lungsen tlang a \hut lai hi a ropui lai ber a ni awm e.

 

Rothangpuia hian British luah ram, Bangladesh phaitual pawh vawi duai lo a run tawh a, chutih lai erawh chuan T.H. Lewin nen inremna an neih tak hnuah erawh Mizo lalte zingah British-ho \hian \ha ber a ni. Kawng tam takah chuan amah avang hian Mizo lalte pawh khan Sapho kut an tuar tam loh phah a ni. Bengkhuaia leh a hoten Mary Winchester an lak l>tna kawngah pawh mi pawimawh tak niin, chhim lam lalte hnena British palai pawimawh tak a ni. Sapho nen hian October 1866 khan remna sa-ui tannin, Mizo lal zinga Sapho \hian pawimawh leh hmasa ber a ni. General Brownlow meuh pawhi Lungno khuaah a han tlawh hial a ni. Hetianga Sapho tana mi \angkai tak a nih avang hian Calcutta-ah Thangliana’n (T.H. Lewin) Governor General a hmuhpui \umin a duh ber a lo zawt a. Rothangpuia chuan British tangka hmaia a thla chuantir chu a ngiat ta mauh mai a. Mahse, tangka hmaia a thla chuantir chu a theih si loh avangin Thangliana chuan an pawisa hman lai silver tlanga Queen Victoria thla chuang chu ‘hei hi I thla a ni e’ a tihsak ta a. Rothangpuia pawh chuan lo pawmin a lawm hle nghe nghe a ni. Rothangpuia tih chu hla ruaah tangka/pawisa sawi nan hman a ni zui ta a ni.

 

A ng<r nun reng an ngai nem le,
Zing \ian kawltu chawi zawng te;

Chung muvanlai lenin an l>ng,

Lunglai kham awm lo rengin;

Tian dar leh \hi, Rothangpuia,

An run chhungah lawi nuam ing.

Lentu Sawnf^ng - Pu Chhuana

 

Lushai Expedition 1869:

Bristish sawrkar lamin inremna kawng zawh tumin Mizo lal \henkhatte nen inremna siam mah se, thingpui huan siam nan Mizoram lam ramngaw an \hiah an bansan chuang si lo va, chu chuan Mizo lalte pawhin an humhalh nan an inremna an bawhchhe ve leh lo thei lo a ni ber e.

 

January ni 10, 1869 ah Pawibawia nau Sailo lal, Lalruma chuan Nowerbund thingpui huan runin an hal darh vek a.

 

A hnu lawkah Vanhnuailiana fapa Do\hiauva’n Monierkhal thingpui huan runin an chenna in halin an thingpui huan pawh a tihchhiatsak nasa hle bawk a.

 

Loharband Tea House pawh Suakpuilala leh Vanpuilala ten tichhiain an thingpui huan an tichhe nual bawk a

 

Khatia kum 1864 kuma inremna an neih hnuah hetia Mizo lalten thingpui huan an zu beih leh tak vak chhan hi thil dang ni theiin a lang lo. Sapho khan Mizoram nekin thingpui huan an siam a, Mizo lalte lahin an ram humhalha an ram chhuahna hmun humhim turin lu chhum ban chhum an lo huam hle mai bawk si a ni. Mizo lalte chetna hrang hrang hi British sawrkar chuan a la thutak hle mai a, Mizo lalte hrem turin \huang thumin a sipaite a tir chhuak ta a ni.

 

|huang khatna hi Brig General Nuthall-a’n a ho va, Tlawng dung zawh chhovin Suakpuilala hrem an tum a ni. March 1869-a thawk chhuak ni mah se ruahtui a tla hmain, ni 5 zet khua a cheng zui a. Tlawng leh a fintu luite chu a len nasat avangin an tum ram thleng lovin an let leh ta ngawt a ni.

 

|huang hnihna hi Major Stevenson-a’n a ho va, Cachar Deputy Commissioner Mr Edgar-a’n a puibawm bawk a. Vanpuilala hrem tura thawk chhuak an ni. Tuirial an thlen chuan Vanpuilala nu palaite nen an inhmu a. Palaite chuan Vanpulala’n Syhlet thingtlang khua a run loh thu te, Nowerbund leh Monierkhal thingpui huan runtute chu mi dang an nih thu bakah Vanpuilala a thih tawh thu te an lo hrilh a. Hmuizawl khua an han thleng nain eng vak ti lovin an let leh ta a ni.

 

 |huang thumna hi Cachar DIG Baker leh Syhlet district Magistrate Kemble-ten an ho thung a. Anni hi chu Mizo lalte hrema tharum thawh tur ni lovin an rilru la penga tawktarh mai an ni. Kailasahar (Tripura) a\angin an rawn thawk chho nain Brig Gen Nuthall-te nen an inpawh thei ta chiah si lo va, Suakpuilala khua an hmu phak reng tawh nain eng ruai thawk lovin an let leh ta a ni.

 

Cachar DC Edgar leh Suakpuilala:

Cachar leh Mizoram ramri chungchang leh inremna hrang hrang siam turin December ni 20, 1869-ah Cachar DC John Ware Edger leh tlangsam Maj MacDonald chuan sipai \hahnem tak hruaiin Lushai Hills panin a thawk chhuak ta a. Changsil (Bepari bazaar)ah Suakpuilala nen inbiain remna saui an tan a, Cachar leh Mizoram ramri pawh an siam fel a, ramri-ah chuan Suakpuilala’n khua din se a ti nghe nghe a ni. Edgar hian kum 1870-71 thlasik laiin Suakpuilala hi tlawh lehin inremna thuthlung nghet zawk Sanad an tih mai chu an thlung ta nghe nghe a ni.

 

Vailen vawi khatna 1971 – 72:

|hazaiin inremna siam \hin mah se, Saphovin thingpui huan zauh an \hulh lo va, Mizo lam lahin British awp chin ram run \hulh hek suh, inremna tluan tling neih chu vana rah ang mai a ni. Mizo lalte tawhkhirhzia leh luhlulzia an hmuhin India ram lal ropui tak tak lo tukzal tawh Sapho chuan sipai chakna hmanga tu dai turin ruahmanna an siam ta a. Hetih lai hian Mizo lalte pawhin Cachar, Manipur, Tripura leh Syhlet run an bang lo va, Mizoram dep Cachar ram phei chu luahtu mumal an awm lo hial a ni. Hetianga Mizo lalte an chetna karah, a nghawng na ber mai chu Bengkhuaia hoten Katlichera leh Alexandrapur thingpui huan suasamin, manager James Winchester thatin a fanu Mary Winchester chu an man ta hial a. Hei hi January ni 23, 1871, Thawh\anni a ni. Hei zet chuan Sapho ch>l a luh na ngar ngar ta hle mai. Lushai Hills-a sipai rual, a bupuia tir lut turin thu tlukna an siam ta rum rum mai a. Governor General Lord Mayo pawhin hreh tak chungin Mizo lalte tukzal tura sipai rual tirh luh chu a remtiin heti hian a ziak a:

Hreh tak chung leh loh theih lohna avangin, tun thlasik lo thleng turah hian Mizorama sipai rual tir lut turin thu tlukna ka siam ta a ni (It is with great reluctance that I have to express the opinion that it will be necessary to send, in the ensuing cold weather, an armed force into the country of the Lushais)

Mizo lalte tu tlawm tur chuan \huang hniha sipai rual tirh luh zai an rel ta a. Hmar lam(Left Column) ho turin Brig. General B. Bourchier. C.B chu ruat niin chhim lam (Right Column) chu Brig. General G.A Brownlow C.B chuan a ho bawk a.

 

Chhim Vai lian (Right or Chittagong column): Sapho nen inremna an lo siam tawh avangin palai hna thawk tur leh a \ul anga puibawm turin Thangluah lal Rothangpuia pawh a lo inring ve ran a. Lt. Col T.H. Lewin (Thangliana) chu Political Officer niin hma hruai hna pawimawh tak a thawk dawn bawk a ni. Gen. Brownlow, Thangliana leh Col Macpherson te chu Kassalong a\angin lawngl>ngin Tlabung an pan a, November ni 17, 1871 an thleng a. Kassalong-ah sipai bupui chu an innghah khawm hnuin Tlabungah hian an hma lak dan tur tak tak ruahmanin an inkulh ta a.

 

Saphovin sipai rual nen Mizoram an lo lut chu Lianlula thlah Sailo lalho, chhim thlang Buarpui leh Thorang tlang dunga awmho chuan an lo ngai thei lo nasa hle mai. Chhim Vai lianin an tum ber chu Mizo lalho hrem pahin Sailam lal Bengkhuaia hnen a\anga Mary Winchester lak let a ni. Sailam an panna kawng nuam leh hnai si hi Lianlula thlah, Mizo lal hausa ber Savunga leh a hote luah ram a ni mauh mai si a, anni lah chuan kal tlangtir an tum der lo mai lehnghal a. Sapho chuan Savunga leh a chekkawite hnena palai tirh hmasak chu \ha berin an hria a, hriam han lek nghal ngawt pawh chu a hreh ve ngang a ni. Heta palai tur hian Rothangpuia erawh a tirh theih hauh lo thung a. Lianlula thlahte hi Thangluah-ho tu tlawm tura chhim lam rawn nawr a nih avang leh chan \ha zawk chang awm lo khawpa an la inngur reng \hin avangin Rothangpuia tan chuan palaina awmze nei lo tih a chiang sa hle a ni. Thangliana chuan palai tur zawngin a  chhuak a, December ni 8, 1871 chuan khaw lian lo tak, Sailo lal Lianngura awp khua Rotlang-ah chuan a kal ta a. A kal tur hi hriain an lo tlanchhe darh vek mai a. Mahse, beidawng duh lovin tu emaw tal man theih beiseiin an lo chang ran a, an lal Lianngura chu an man ta hlauh mai. Lianngura chu palaia atan tirh an tuma ani lahin a lo duh ikhaw lo mai thung si. Ni hnih a hren hnu chuan Lianngura pawh chuan palai hna thawh chu a remti ve ta a.

 

December ni 13, 1871-ah Lianngura chu a lo let leh ta a. Vanlula Belkhai lal hnena a han kal thu leh Sailo lal 5 ten ral an lo rel dan te chu a sawi ta vek a. Thangliana thuchah a han hrilh chuan Sailo lalte chuan an rama lo lut lo tur leh kir leh vek turin thu an lo chah let a, an kir duh lo a nih chuan an kah tur thu an sawi bawk a. Gen. Brownlow chuan Vanlula khua bei tur chuan thu a chhuah ta nghal a ni. Vanlula khua Belkhai an lak hnu hian khaw dang dang pawh an la ta zel a. Thangliana hian Political Officer a nih ang ngeiin indo lova inremna siam a tum viau nain Sailo lalte chuan an ram rawn chuhtute chu inremna siampui an tum lo bur mai a ni. Lalhlira, Vanhnuaia, Vanhnuna, Vankunga khuate pawh an la ta zel a. An hma bakah chuan Sailo lalte hotu ber Savunga khua Buarpui bakah Thorang tlang chhip a\anga m>l 8 vela awm, Savunga fapa upa ber Lalngura Sailo khua, Kawnpui chu lak ngei an tum bawk a.

 

Lalngura Sailo khua Kawnpui hi an lo inbuatsaih \ha hle mai a, an khua chu kulha an hung vek avangin Sapho tan pawh beih a buaithlak ve hle a ni. Sapho pawh chuan inphen nan lung te tiang khawmin kulh hi an kap bawk a. Lalngura khua hi chhim Vai lian vawi khatnaa an inbeihna nasa ber a ni hial awm e. January ni 4, 1872 –a inbeihnaah hian Gurkha sipai pakhat a thi a, 9-in hliam na tak an tuar a, Capt Battye pawh na lutuk lovin a inhliam bawk. January ni 6, 1872 chuan Lianlula thlah Sailo lalte hotupa ber, Savunga khua Buarpui chu an pan ta a. Hetah hian a vawi khat nan laipui (7 pounder) hmangin Savunga khua chu an kap ta a ni. Chutianga silai lian leh thawm n^ chu la hre ngai hek lo, an hlau ta hle mai a. Inbeihna nasa em em pawh awm lovin Savunga khua chu an la thei a, a tukah an hal zui ta bawk a.

 

Rothangpuia palai hna thawh azarah haratna em em awm zui lovin British-ho chu hma an sawn viau a, Rolura thlah Sailo lalte, Saphovin the Howlongs an tih maite nen pawh buaina lian nei lovin an kal thei a. An tum ber Mary Winchester pawh chu January ni 21, 1872-ah an la let leh thei ta a ni. Mizo lalte kuta tang sal tam tak an chhuah bawk a. Rolura thlahte leh Lianlula thlahte nen hian inremna fel tak an siam nghe nghe a ni. March ni 31, 1872-ah Lushai expedition (Right or Chittagong column) chu tihtawp a ni ta a, Gen Brownlow leh a hote chu Chittagong-ah an kir leh ta a ni.

 

Hmar Vai lian (Left or Cachar column): Brig General G. Bouchier C.B leh a hote, Political Officer Edger te chu Silchar a\angin December ni 16, 1871-ah an thawk chhuak a, Tipaimukh-ah an innghah khawm hnuin January ni 2, 1872-ah a bupuin an rawn thawk chho ta a ni. Hmar lam lalte an hrut nasa a, a langsar zualah chuan Lalhlira te, Pawibawia te nen inkapin Lalburha awm loh lai ni mahse a upate nen inremna an siam thei bawk a. Khaw tam tak an pal hnuah Champhai zawl thlengin Vanhnuailiana thlanah British flag an tar phe vat vat a. February ni 21, 1872-ah an tum tihlawhtlingin an kir leh ta a ni.

 

Lushai Expedition 1871-72 chu an thil tumah an hlawhtling hle a, Mizo lalte kut a\angin sal tam tak chhanchhuakin an silai man an chhuhsak bawk a, lei an chawitir bawk a ni. Mizo lalte pawhin Sapho ban seizia an hmuhin an hneh rual loh laka luhlul chhuah reng chu an chhiatna zakhua mai a ni tih hre thiamin inremna an lo siampui hlawm bawk a. Lushai Hills leh Tiperrah (Tripura) inrina pawh siam \hat niin, Changsil leh Tipaimukh-ah bazaar hawn a ni bawk. Kum 1874-75 khan Inner Line Regulation siam a ni a, Lushai Hills-a pawn lam mi luh leh chhuah chu a khuahkhirh ta a ni.

 

Buaina a chhuak leh:

Vai lian khan Mizo lalteah nghawng nei lian hle mah se, kum 10 a liam meuh chuan Sapho huv^ng pawhin hriat reng a hlawh ta lem lo a ni ngei ang, buaina a in\an leh ta a ni. Tualchhunga buaina chu sawi lang lo ta zawk ila, hnam dang/Sapho nena buaina chin hi kan thlur zawk dawn nia.

 

a)      1883 November thlaah Burkhul leh Tlabung inkara kal lai Frontier Police te chu lambun an ni a, sipai pahnih leh puakphur pakhat thah an ni.

 

b)       1886 February thla-ah Pwihovin Chittagong tlang rama Chakma-ho a run a, pahnih lu laksakin mi pathum an hliam bawk.

 

 

c)      1887 kum bul lamah Hmar Lungtian lal, Lianphunga’n Tripura-a Tuikuk-ho runin mi tam tak thatin salah a man \euh bawk.

 

d)       Kum 1888 January thlaah Lianphunga leh Zahrawka-ten Chengri phaia khaw 24 lai runin mi 101 an that a, mi 91 salah an man bawk. He inrunna zet hi chu Vai run zingah pawh a rapthlak ber zinga mi a ni a, British-ho ngeng pawh a chhun viau a ni. An sal man kal \ha thei lote kawng lakah an that a, r^l lu hawnna a hlat deuh avangin an chip vun hlepin an hawn hnem hle a ni.

 

e)       February ni 3, 1888 a lo her chhuah meuh chuan Sap sipai ngei lu an la ta. Lungtian lal Hausata nupui, Ngundawngi chu a pa Zahuata Thlantlang lal hnenah a tlan a. Zahuata chuan a fanu tlan koh nan S^p lu hnih a lo ngiat tak tlatah chuan mi ngo lu lak tur zawngin Hausata chu a unaute Dokulha leh Vantura nen an pasal\hate hruaiin an rammu ta a ni. Tlangsam (survey) Sap, Lt John Stewart leh a hote an tawng fuh ta hlauh mai. Nasa takin an inkapin Lt Stewart, Lance Corporal Mc Cormick, Pvt Owens bakah Gurkhali sipai pakhat an that a, an lu an la ta a. Hausata’n Lt Stewart ulhbun phir a la a, Dokulh’an a Jacket a la thung a, Vantura’n pistol a la bawk a. He thil thleng zet chuan British sawrkar a tithinrim tak zet a, phuba lak ngei tumin ruahmanna an siam ta rup rup mai a ni.

 

f)        December ni 13, 1888-ah Vuttaia fapa Lalhleia leh a tupa Nikhama ten Chittagong tlang rama Chakma lal Pakuma Rani khua an run a, an lalnu bakah mi 42 zet an that a, mi 15 salah an hruai bawk a ni. Chu thu chuan Lushai Hills luh tum British-ho thinrimna pawh a sawh nghet leh sauh a. British awp chin ram an khawih a nih rualin Mizo lalte chuan an ropuina kawng an zawh bakah an ram humhalh nan tha an thawh a ni ber mai.

 

Chhim Vai lian (Lushai Expedition 1889):

Vai len vawi khatna hnua Mizo lalten British ram awp chinah hriam a lek zui leh tak viauah chuan Sapho pawh mawnga hawlh ang sekin an awm leh ta a. December ni 19, 1888-ah Lushai Hills-a sipai rual tirh luh chu an rel thlu ta a ni. Lt. Stewart leh a hote an thah avanga phuba l^kna chu an tum lian ber niin, a remchan anga sipai thuthmun siam tur leh a theih chin china kawng sial turin Tlabung atangin ‘Lushai Expeditionary Force’ tia vuahte chu an rawn thawk chho ta a ni. Colonel Vincent Tregear (a hnu lawkah General a kai) hovin sipai 2000 leh puakphur 2500 bakah laipui 2 leh sai 38 nen an rawn thawk chho ta mup mup mai a. Mr Layall chu Political Officer niin, G.A.S Bedfort leh C.S Murray chu Asst Political Officer an ni a, Captain J. Shakespeare (Tarmita) chu Intelligence Officer a ni bawk. January ni 16, 1889-ah Tlabung a\ang chuan Sai kal theih tura zauvin (feet 4 – 6) kawngpui sial hna an rawn thawk \an ta a, March ni 11 1889-ah mel 41-a hla Lunglei chu an sial thleng ta a ni. Hei hi Mizorama kawngpui hmasa ber a ni.

 

Lunglei-ah chuan kulh rinawm tak, Fort Lungleh an sa a, awmhmun khuar nan an hmang zui ta a. Lt Stewart thattu Hausata khua chu sipai 300 tirin an han la a, Hausata chu lo thi tawh mah se, a thlan an hai a, Lt Stewart silai, ulhbun phir pawh an hmu chhuak nghe nghe. April ni 3, 1889-ah Fort Lungleh-ah Rolura thlah lal \henkhat (Saphovin the Howlongs an tih) Seipuia, Lalthangvunga, Lallunga, Sangliana leh Lalruma-te an ko khawma rinawmna thu an tiam mai bakah an lo \anpuina avanga lawmthu sawina thilpek an hlan bawk.

 

Vai len vawi hnihna (Chin – Lushai Expedition 1889 – 90):

British ram awp chin run \hin lalte tukzal a, lal dang pawh an thu hnuaia dah vek tur te, Chittagong leh Upper Burma inkar ram dai dar a sipai \huthmun siam tur leh British sawrkar chakzia lantir turin Lushai Hills-a sipai rual chak tak tir luta ‘Chin-Lushai Expedition’ nei turin September ni 11, 1889-ah Sapho chuan thu an puang leh ta.

 

Sipai \huang khatna hian General Penn Symons hovin Burma a\angin Lushai Hill an rawn pan thla a. A \huang hnihna hi Colonel Vincent Tregear hovin Chittagong a\angin an lo chhoh luh  bawk a. Cachar lam a\angin WW Daly ho an lo lut bawk a. General Penn Symons hi Burma-a Chin lalte hmet mit tur leh Colonel Vincent Tregear-ten Haka (Burma) thlen kawng an rawn sial chhoh tur lo \anpuia lo dawngsawng turin ruat an ni a. Chuvangin, Mizoram (Lushai Hills) huam chinah chuan \huang hnih – Chittagong column leh Cachar column anga sawi theih a ni.

 

Chittagong column-te chuan Fort Lungleh chu \anhmuna hmangin Chin Hills lam an nawr chho va, Mat leh chhimtuipui-ah lei dawhin Darzo-ah kulh an siam a, ‘Fort Tregear’ an ti a. An hna hrang hrangte chu April 1890 ah thawk zovin Fort Tregear leh Fort Lungleh-ah Frontier Police 200 rual ve ve dahin Chittagong-ah an kirsan ta a ni. Kawngpui \ha tak an sial bakah heng kulh pahnihte hi Tlabung nen thirhrui (telegraph line) an thlun zawm bawk a ni.

 

Chittagong column a\ang hian hlawm khat, Colonel G.J. Skinner pawlte chu hmar lamah peng hrangin Chengri phai leh Pakuma Rani khua suasamtu Mizo lalte tudawl turin an kal a, an tum ber chu Lianphunga khua a ni. Cachar column nen Tlawng kanin an intawk a, Aizawlah lutin ‘Fort Aijal’ an din a, Surma Valley Millitary Police 200 rual an ventir nghal a. Lianphunga hnen a\ang hian sal 43 an chhuah a, \ha zaia an inbiak avangin Lianphunga tak phei chu an man ta lo a ni. Changsil leh aizawl inkarah kawngpui \ha tak an sial a, Silchar nen thirhruiin an thlun zawm bawk. March 1890-ah Cachar column pawh chuan Mizoram chu an chhuahsan ve ta a ni.

 

British rorelna a in\an:

Vai len vawi hnihna a zawh meuh chuan Sapho kutah Lushai Hills chu a tlu lut lo thei ta lo va, Bristish sawrkar ram awp a lo ni ta a ni. Lushai Hills awp zui dan turah erawh an ngaihtuahna a buai hle mai a. An tana hlawkna tak tak tur leilung hausakna emaw lal hausa emaw an awm si lo, enkawl zui loh theih si loh a nih avangin an lu pawh a hai tar eng a ni. Ram pum chu bung hnihah an \hen a, hmar lam chu Assam thuhnuaiah dahin Aizawl-ah hmunpui an siam a, chhim lam chu Lunglei-ah hmunpui Bengal sawrkar hnuaiah dah a ni. Mizoram chu British sawrkar kutah tlu lut mah se an rilru a tlawm chuang lo va, an hneh loh avangin loh theih lohin an thuhnuaiah an awm a ni mai. Sapho hi rawn inbun nghetin rorelna dawng rawn vuan mah se Mizo lalte chu dawl zawrin an zawr hauh lo va, an theihna chin chinah an tlawm lohzia an lantir ve zel a ni.

 

a) North Lushai Hills: June ni 3, 1890-ah Lushai Hills hmar lam chu Assam Chief Commissioner hnuaiah dahin, Aizawla enkawl turin Captain Herbert Browne, (Mizoten Hmair>ka an tih mai) Political Officer chu dah a ni a, Mizo lalte kohkhawma inremna siam chu a hna hmasa ber a ni. Tlawm duh lo Mizo lalte erawh chuan remna aiin hriam lek an la thlang a, a theih ang angin an er let ve leh ta ni, hetiangin:

 

(i) Capt Browne hian khaw hrang hrang a fang a, lei man chhiah an chawi tur te, kuli an pek tur zat te a bituk zel a. Chu chuan Mizote rilru a tihnualin an phur chu rit an ti em em mai a, er let leh lova sepui ruah tuar ngawt chu ni theia hre lovin hriam an lek leh ta a. September ni 9, 1890-a Capt Browne leh a hote Changsil pana an kal lai chu Aizawl a\anga mel hnih vel lekah Muthi lal Lianhrima hoten lo lambunin Capt Browne bakah sipai 3 leh kuli 11 an thi a ni. Hemi \um hian Aizawl kulh leh Changsil kulh pawh a ruala beih a ni a, Mizo lal intiamrualte chu – Tanhril lal Thanruma, Muthi lal Lianhrima, Sentlang lal Kalkhama, Mualvum lal Liankunga leh Lungmuat lal Thanghulha te an ni.

 

(ii) Aizawl leh Changsil kulh an hual tlat avangin anmahni \anpui turin Silchar a\angin sipai 200 rual an rawn thawk chho va, chungho lo do let tur chuan Tlawng thlang lama lalte chu Hrangkhupa khua Hmunpuiah an inhmu khawm a. Hetah hian Lungleng lal Khamliana pawh telin ani hi chuan sipaiho lo kah chu a duh lo va, amah thlawptu mi \henkhatte nen tlawng kama an lo channa a\anga fing khat velah an \hu hrang ta nghe nghe a ni. Hemi \uma inkahnaah hian Lt R.R. Swinton chu kah hlum a ni a, Mizo pasal\ha Khuangcher leh Ngurbawnga te pawh nun chan zingah hian an tel a ni.

 

(iii) Captain Browne a thih takah chuan a aiawh turin Lakhipur Deputy Commissioner Mr Robert McCabe chu a rang a ranga tirh chhoh a ni a. Ani hi Naga-ho lo tukzal tawhtu a nih avangin a hming \ha hle a, Mizo lal tam tak tu daitu a nih avangin ‘Lalmantu’ tiin an ko nghe nghe. Ani hian Aizawl leh Changsil kulh beitu lalte chu manin Kalkhama, Lianphunga leh Thanghulha te chu Hazaribagh lung inah a thawn ta a, Kalkhama leh Lianphunga hi lung inah an inawkhlum ta nghe nghe a. McCabe hian chhak lam lalte bei zui zelin Pawibawia thlahte leh Vuttaia thlahte hi an do ber chu niin an zinga thil tithei ber chu Lalburha hi a ni. Lalburha khua Sesawng-ah hian Sapho nen chuan an inkap nasa hle a, Lalsavunga thlahte zawng zawng an tel tih theih a ni. February ni 29, 1892 a\anga inkap kha thla khat leh a chanve chhung zet inkapin Aizawl a\anga sipaiho pui tur \hahnem tak an lo thlen avangin Mizo lalte chuan an kap chhunzawm thei ta lo a ni. Sesawng bakah hian khaw hrang hrang an lak hnuah inremna an siam thei ta a ni.

 

b) South Lushai Hills: Chhim lam zawng chu Lieutenant Governor of Bengal hnuaiah dah a ni a, Charles Stewart Murray (Mizovin Marliana an tih) chu Superintendent hmasa ber niin April ni 1, 1891-ah a hna a thawk \an a ni. British ho kha chhim lamah lut hmasain Lunglei leh Darzo-ah kulh an siam tawh nghe nghe a ni. Chhim lam lalte pawh hian chuti maia Sapho kutah intukluh chu an lo tum lo nasa mai a, an theih ang angin an lo do let a ni. Chung lalte chu Rolura thlah Sailo lal (Saphovin The Howlongs an tih) leh Rorehlova thlah Fanai lal (Saphovin The Vanlaiphais/The Muallianpuis an tih) te an ni.

 

(i) CS Murray hi Superintendent hna a thawh hma hian Political Officer niin chhim lam lalte hi hmin tumin a zin kual nasa a. February ni 10, 1891-ah Fanai lal huaisen Zakapa khua Khawhri a tlawh a. Hetah hian Marliana hi hmeichhe lakah a chet mawi vak loh avangin buaina a chhuak ta a. A tuka CS Murray leh a hoten Zakapa khua, Khawhri mai bakah an chh>k in thlengin a halsak a, an hal haw lam chu Zakapa leh a hoten lo lambunin sipai 5 an kaphlum a ni. C.S. Murray ber pawh chu thi lova ruanga chhuakin vahchapah pheikhawk thlauh phungin a tlanchhe nghe nghe a ni. He thil thleng kal zelah hian C.S. Murray chu Bengal Civil Police-ah dah let leh niin April ni 16, 1891-ah Capt J. Shakespeare (Tarmita) chuan Superintendent hna chu Marliana kut a\ang chuan a la ta a ni.

 

(ii) Chhipphir-a Vansanga a \hut laiin, March ni 15, 1892-ah  Capt Shakespeare leh a hote Aizawl pan tur chu Lalhleia khua Zote leh Laltawna khua Lungrang tlangvalten Chhipphir khaw daiah an lo kap a, Dokhuma Chawngtleng lalin a rawn pui bawk a. Shakespeare leh a hote hi tlangah inkulhin an inkap nasa hle a ni. Hetia an inkah hma hian Shakespeare hian Darmaka Ralte (Pukpui lal ni zui ta) chu Vansanga hnenah a tir a; mahse, inbiakremna an neih theih tak lohah chuan an inkap ta a ni. Mizo lalte hian sipaiho chu an dangchar hneh hle mai a, Shakespeare pawh a mangang ve hle a ni. Bualpui lal Lalluauvan ei turte pein a lo \anpui a., chute ni lo se intung nung theiin an khawsak a rinawm loh. Shakespeare leh a hote chan chau tawh tak \anpui turin May ni 3, 1892-ah Chin Hills Burma a\angin Capt H. Rose leh a hote lo thlengin an rawn chhanchhuak ta a ni. Lalburha khua Sesawng leh Vansanga khua Chhipphir-a inbeihna hi Bristish-ho do letnaa inkahna nasa ber a ni hial awm e.

 

(iii) Mizo lal hrang hrang an tlawm tawh hnu pawhin Vandula thihsan, a nupui Ropuiliani, Denlung lalnu leh a fapa Mualthuam lal Lal\huama te chu an tlawm duh lo mai ni lovin lei man chhiah leh kuli pawh an pe duh hek lo. Sawrkar lam chuan an enthlak reng laiin Ropuilianin a nin em em \awng lettu Satinkhara chu March 1892-ah pasal\ha Hnawncheuvan a kap hlum ta nghe nghe a. Ropuiliani leh a sangawi zawnpuiten Lunglei beih an tum nia an hriat avangin Shakespeare leh a hote chuan han \hawng thutin inkahna pawh awm mumal hman lovin Ropuiliani khua chu lain Ropuiliani leh Lal\huama chu August ni 9, 1893-ah an man ta a ni. Ropuiliani hi Chittagong lung inah January ni 3, 1895 khan a thi a, santen vanga thi niin ziah ni mah se, khatih laia Sapho hmunpui, khaw changkang tawh takah khan santen nasa vak lo vanga a thih mai hi a rinhlelhawm viauin a lang a, t<ra hrai a nih pawh a rinawm rum rum mai. A fapa Lal\huama erawh intiamkamna nen April ni 1, 1896-ah chhuah a ni ta a ni.

 

(iv) Mizo lal dang zawng zawng an tlawm tawh hnuah pawh khawchhak depa awm Tlaikuang lal Kairuma leh a thurualpuite Fanai lal Zakapa, Zahleia leh Zaduna te chu tlawm ve lo awm chhun an ni ta. Anniho tukzal tur ngawt pawh hian sawrkarin Rs 25,000/- lai a seng nghe nghe. December ni 25, 1895-ah Kairuma khua hi an la ta a, a thurualpui lalhote pawh an tlawm zui ta nghal a ni.

 

Hetia Mizo lalte an tlawm kim tak hnuah pawh hian Lushai Hills chu British lal rama chhiar ni lovin ‘Ram dang, Bristish enkawl’ a ni lek fang a. September ni 6, 1895-ah Governor General-in Council chuan British khua leh tuia chhiar a nihna a chhuah ve chauh a ni.

 

North leh South Lushai Hill kaihkawp: A hlawkna hmuh let tur awm si lo va ram hneh thar pathum – Chin Hills, North Lushai Hills leh South Lushai Hill te rorelna hrang \heuha awp zui bawk si chu (Burma, Assam, Bengal) thil hautak tak a nih avangin kaihkawpin emawa rorel dan tur ngaihtuahin January ni 25-29, 1892-ah Calcutta khawpuiah ‘First Chin-Lushai Hills Conference’ chu buatsaih a ni a. Mahse, heng ram pathum rorelna pakhat hnuaia dah vek chu an rel thlu thei lo va, North leh South Lushai Hills kaihkawpa Assam sawrkar hnuaia dah chu an remti ta thung a. Hma erawh an la vat lo thung a ni. April ni 1, 1898 a lo her chhuah meuh chuan he an thu rel hi tihhlawhtlin a lo ni ta a, North leh South Lushai Hills chu rorelna pakhat hnuaiah dahin Superintendent hmasa ber chu South Lushai Hills Superintendent ni lai Major John Shakespeare a ni. Heta chhinchhiah tur chu North Lushai Hills awptu Bawrhsap nihna kha ‘Political Officer’ a ni a, a thuneihna leh mawhphurhna erawh hmun danga Political Officer te nen a inang leh chiah si lo. South Lushai Hills-ah erawh Bawrhsap kha Superintendent tih a ni thung. Assam Chief Comissioner HJS Cotton khan \ha a tih loh >m avangin North leh South Lushai Hills kaihkawp a nih khan Bawrhsap atan Superintendent tih a thlang ta a ni.

 

 Kohhran leh zirna lam hawi tawh ang

Missionary hmasate :

High Gate Baptist Church member ve ve F.W. Savidge leh J.H. Lorrain (Sap Upa leh Pu Buanga) te hi inkawp tura ruat sa ang main an intawng fuh a, he kohhrana an awm lai hian missionary ni tura kohna an dawng ve ve a ni. Arthington Aborigines Mission tirha lo chhuakin December 26, 1893-ah Mizorama luh phalna an hmu a, Tlawng dung rawn zawh chhovin January ni 11, 1894-ah Sairang an rawn thleng ta a. Capt Loch hnuaia kuli 50 zinga mi chu hman ve an dil a, phalsak an ni lo. Anmahniin an thawmhnaw aka puan in zawnin January ni 16, 1894-ah Aizawl an thleng a. Aizawlah hian tui an neih loh avangin January ni 16 – 29 chhung inbual lovin, thawmhnaw pawh thlak lovin an khawsa.

 

Mizoramah kum 4 an khawsak chhung hian hna ropui tak tak an thawk a, a tlangpui sawi tai la:

a)      Mizo A Aw B an siam

b)      Zo\awng grammar leh dictionary an siam

c)      April ni 1, 1894-ah school hawngin ziak leh chhiar thiam an awm hman

d)      August ni 21, 1895 a\angin Bible an letling \an

e)      Mizorama zirna bakah thu leh hlaa bul \antu an ni

Kum 4 vel chauh an awm hnuin an awm hun a tawp ta a, December ni 31 1897-ah Aizawl an chhuahsan leh ta a ni.

 

Lan hnihna:  Baptist Missionary Society, London tirhin a \um hnihna atan Mizoram chu an rawn lut leh ta a. Chhim lam a\angin an rawn lut ve ta thung a ni. Khawthlang tuipui rawn zawhin March ni 8, 1903-ah Tlabung an rawn thleng a, Lunglei pan nghalin March ni 13-ah an thleng chho ta a ni. Lunglei Circuit House-ah ni 46 zet an awm chhungin Serkawn-ah maur^p in an sa a, April ni 30, 1903-ah an luah chho ve ta rawih a. July ni 3, 1903-ah Serkawnah school an din ta a. Hetih lai hian Lunglei-ah Bengali school a lo awm sa tawh a, chuta thawk Nobin Chandra Barua chu Serkawn-ah la chhovin Headmaster-ah an hmang ta a ni. Ani bakah hian Lunglei SDO G.P. Whelly (Mizoten Lalkaia an tih) phalnain school naupang 7 an la chho bawk.

Zosapten Serkawnah school an din hma hian Aizawl, Lunglei leh Tlabung-ah school din a lo ni tawh a. April ni 1, 1894-a Aizawla Sap Upa leh Pu Buanga ten an din a kum 1897-ah Mizoram an chhuahsan leh. Sawrkar hnathawk fate kalna bik atan 1893-ah Aizawl leh Lungleiah din a ni a, 1894-ah Tlabungah din a ni bawk a. Kum 1897-ah mipa tan chauha zirna school sawrkar chuan a din ta a, Bengali \awnga zirtir a ni thung. Zosapten Serkawna school an din atang hian 1904 kumah Lower Primary exam beitu pawh 39 lai an nei tawh a ni.

 

Mizoram school mission kuta dah a ni:

Kum 1904 February thlaah chuan Assam Chief Commissioner Sir Bamfylde Fuller chuan Mizoram a rawn tlawh a. Sawrkar school leh Mission school-te chu chik taka a en hnuin Mission school kalphung chu \ha a ti tak zet a. Lushai Hill Superintendent, Major Shakespeare hnenah chuan Mizorama zirna chu missionary-te kuta dah a nih theih nan rawtna thlen turin a hrilh ta nghe nghe a. April ni 1, 1904 a\angin Mizorama zirna pumpui chu missionary-te kutah dah a ni ta a, hmar bial enkawl turin Rev. Edwin Rowland chu Honorary Inspector of Schools ah ruat a ni a, Sap Upa chu chhim bial enkawl tura dah a ni ta bawk a. Anni pahnihin Zoram an chhuahsan hnuah hian Rev D. Edwards chuan hmar bial enkawlin, Rev H.W. Carter chuan chhim bial a enkawl thung. Missionary-ten school an enkawl lai hian Mizoram zirna chuan hma a sawn nasa hle a, school pawh \hahnem tak din belh a ni. Kum 1907-ah Aizawl-ah Middle School din a ni a, Serkawn-ah erawh 1914-ah din a ni. Kum 1944 thleng chu he school pahnih hi Middle School awmchhun a ni. Amaherawhchu, Act of 1935 siam a nih takah chuan school-te chu sawrkar enkawl tura ruahmanna a awm \an ta a. Kum 1952-ah Mizorama zirna Primary leh Middle School chu sawrkarin a la let leh ta a ni.

 

Hmeichhe school din a ni: Kum 1907 tawp lamah Pu Buanga’n a hming chauhin a din a, chuta zirlaite chu nula uaih tawh leh tleirawlte an ni. Chutia hmeichhiain lehkha an han zir ve ta chu ngaihhlut tak aruangin nuihzat lam hawi dawn dawnin an la a, hla-ah hial an phuah el ta a.

Zia^m fengin sikul kal a mawi nem maw,

Lahkha zia\ial an chawi e;

Nun dang leng, lengl>ri, lengl>ri.

Heti a nih takah chuan rei pawh kal lovin an \iavai leh ta a. Mahse, chute maia tihtawp hlen ngawt chu Pathianin a remti lo a ni ngei ang, Pi Zirtiri a lo chhuak a kum 1919-ah a lo chhuak a hmeichhe school chu din thar a lo ni leh ta a. Kum 1922-ah Pi Zolawmi’n a rawn puibawm leh ta bawk a.

 

Serkawn-ah High School din a ni: Serkawna High School din a nih hma hian kum 1944-ah Private High School chu Aizawl-ah din a ni ta a, zirtirtu hmasate chu Zosapte an ni. Kum 1947-ah chhim biala High School hmasa ber, Mizorama a pahnihna chu Private bawkin din a ni leh ta a, Headmaster hmasa ber chu Rev R.F. Tucker niin Science teacher hmasa ber chu Rev H.W. Carter a ni. A nihna takah chuan, khatia kum 1952-a sawrkar-in Zosapte kut a\anga zirna school a lak let takah khan zirna pawh a tla hniam ta raih raih mai a. Mission school, quality \ha tak ang kha neih leh duhna a lian ta hle mai a, Baptist Kohhran rorelnaah hial put luh a ni ta a.

 

Baptist kohhran rorelnain High School din a tihtluk takah chuan a din dan tur ngaihtuahtu committee a din ta a. Chairman-ah Rev H.W. Carter niin Secretary-ah Rev C.L. Hminga ruat a ni. Hetih lai hian Rev R.F. Tucker chu Delhi-ah awmin Pastor ni chungin zirtirtu hna a thawk tel  a, Delhi University-ah B.Ed a zir bawk a. High School dinpui turin kohhran chuan a zu sawm a, lo remti hlauhin kum 1960 July thlaah Serkawn a thleng chho leh ta a. Assembly Executive Committee chuan High School din dan tura ruahmanna chu October 1960-ah a pawm ta a, school hming atan ‘Serkawn Christian High School’ tih a ni. Principal atana ruat Rev R.F. Tucker chuan motto atan a BD zir chhuahna Manchester Baptist College motto – Summum Pro Altissimo (Latin) Sap \awnga lehchhuah – The Utmost for the Highest  tih chu a thlang ta a. February ni 8, 1961-ah Serkawn biak inah school hawnna inkhawm urhsun tak chu hman a ni ta a ni. School naupang, pawl 7 zirlai 26 nen bul an \an ve ta a ni. Kum 1964-ah Board of Secondary Education, Assam (SEBA)-in hriatpuina a pe a, Class 10 zirlaite chuan a vawi khat nan kum 1965-ah board exam (SEBA) an hmachhawn ve ta a ni. Mizoram sawrkar chuan kum 1986-ah Deficit School nihna pein a enkawl chhunzawmna pawh kohhran thuneihnaah a dah zui ta bawk a. School hming chungchangah sawi rik neuh neuh a awm avangin kum 1974-ah Christian High School, Serkawn tiin thlak a ni ta a.

 

Higher Secondary School din a ni: Mizoramah Higher Secondary School din a nih dawn takah chuan Christian High School, Serkawn pawh Arts leh Science zir theihna Higher Secondary-a hlankai a lo ni ta a. June ni 1, 1996-ah sawrkarin din phalna pein July ni1, 1996-ah Christian Higher Secondary School, Serkawn tih hming thar nen zirna kalpui chhunzawm a. Pu R. Lalsawia chu Higher Secondary Principal hmasa ber a ni. Kum 1997 ah Baptist Higher Secondary School, Serkawn tiin a hming hi thlak leh a ni bawk. Zirna kawngah BCM chuan huang a zauh zel a, Higher Secondary chauh chu duh tawk lovin, a hniam lam Nursery – Class 7 pawh Baptist English School (BES) tiin a din leh ta a. Kum 2006-ah BES leh BHSS chu Principal pakhat leh Vice Principal pahnih enkawlna hnuaiah a chhun fin (amalgamate) ta a ni.

 

Lehkhabu rawnte

 

1.      Brigadier CG. Varghese VSM (Rtd) and R.L. Thanzawna MCS (Rtd). A History of the Mizos. Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd

2.      Leut Col Thomas H. Lewin. A fly on the wheel. London Constable & Company Ltd

3.      Prof J. Zorema. Kumpinu leh Mizoram. Published by Research & Publication Committee Govt J. Buana College

4.      B. Lalthangliana. India, Burma leh Bangladesh-a Mizo Chanchin

5.      B. Lalthangliana. Zoram Encyclopedia

6.      J. Lalduhawma. Mission and School Education

7.  Rema Chhakchhuak, Ed. Lawmna Luipui, A Mizoram Gospel Quasquicentennial Souvenir. BCM Publication Board

8.    Mizorama Missionary Hmasa ber. Published by Research & Development Department.  Academy of Integrated Christian Studies

9.      R.K. Lalhluna. Mizo History Kamkeuna

10.  R.K. Lalhluna. Rothangpuia. Thangliana & Darhmel\hai

11.  F. Lianchhinga. Chhun leh Zan

12.  V.L. Siama. Mizo History. Lengchhawn Offset

13.  Mizo Lal Ropuite. Published by Tribal Research Institute Deptt of Art & Culture, Mizoram.